Pile fabric and method of making same



H. MELLOR FILE FABRIC AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Sept. 21, 1937.

Filed Nov. 3, 1956 -lnvenTor. Horace Mel I01 b zm M&W

ATTys.

Patented Sept. 21, 1937 UNITED STATES VPILE FABRIC .AND METHOD... OF MAKING SAME.

Horace Mellor, Sanford, Maine, assignor to Sanford Mills, Sanford, Maine, a. corporation of Maine Application November s, 1936, Serial No. 108,937

8 Claims.

This invention relates to a cut warp pile fabric of that type in which the pile surface is formed by warp yarns concatenated with the weft or filling yarns so as to present sections having the general appearance of a W.

The object of the invention is toprovide with such type of fabric a peculiar and distinctive striped effect with the stripes extending longitudinally of the fabric and in which the contrast between. the stripes is effected by the concatenation of .the yarns in the fabric. Thus the contrast is due to the way in which the yarns are concatenated and is entirely independent of the shade or color of the fabric.

The object of the invention is further to present in this type of fabric the contrasting longitudinal stripes by a construction and a method of construction of the fabric in which tufts of the pile in one set of stripes are inclined toward the ground in one general longitudinal .direction and tufts ofthepile in theother set of stripes are inclined toward the ground inthe general *oppositeulongitudinal direction. Thus the contrasting effect of the stripes is duelto this dif- .ference in inclination as a result of which the lightis absorbed and broken up in one set of stripes ina different way from the other .so that to the observer adistinct contrast appears.

The object of the invention is further to provide such a fabric having the required contrasting longitudinal stripes which may be woven double, that is, with two pieces woven face to face i and cut apart in the usual way. a i I The nature and objects of the invention will appear more fully from the accompanying description and drawing and will be particularly pointed out in .the claims.

The drawing represents in anexaggeratedand diagrammatic form a preferred construction of fabric embodying the invention and illustrative of the principles thereof and also. of the steps of the method employed in the Weaving of the same when the fabric is wovendouble.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is aperspective view of one of the fabrics.

Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 are diagrams illustrating vertical sections oftthe double fabric with these sections representing. the yarns in successive dents in weaving the form of the'invention illus- .trated in Fig. 1.

.. Fig.6 isa top plan view of a small section of the fabric entirely diagrammatic to illustrate the efiect of the contrasting stripes. 1 Fig. 7 is a view similar. to Fig. 6 on a larger of a small section .fabric at forming the back or ground of the lower fabric scale illustrating the direction in which the tufts of the pile lie in the form illustrated and in two contrasting stripes.

As the general method of weaving a cut warp pile fabric in a double loom is well known to those skilled in the art, it is only necessary herein to illustrate and describe those features of the constructionof the fabric and the method of weaving with which the present invention is particularly concerned and which enable the contrasting stripedeffect of the invention to be secured.

The diagrams in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 represent a portion of the yarns with the warp yarns as they extend through successive adjacent dents of the loom and the lower fabric of which is separately illustrated inoFig. l.

The successive picks of filling in the lower fabric are indicated at I to [2 and those in the upper l3 to I8. The ground warp yarns in the first dent are 19 and 20, in the second dent yarns of the upper fabric are similarly but reversely arranged as illustrated. There is shown at 21, 28, 29, and, a singlepile warp yarn for each dent weaving back and forth between thetwo, fabrics inuthe usual manner and extending :between the ground warp yarns in each dent so that these pile yarns when out apart form oppositely disposed Ws in the two fabrics with the l two fabrics when cut apart having the same concatenation of yarns.

It is understood, ofcourse; that the construction is'repeated both laterally and longitudinally and that only a small section is here illustrated.

In the illustration the yarns shown in the first and second dents forma portion of one stripe -and the construction in the third and fourth dents form a portion of a contrasting adjacent stripe. The width and number of the stripes will vary as required to produce the desired effect.

In thelower fabric illustrated separately in :Fig. 1 there is shown in the first dent a series weave of the first and second dents to be inclined toward the ground in one'longitudinal direction and by causing tufts ,suchas the tufts ,or arms II and 22, in the third dent 23 and 24, and in the fourth dent 25 and 26, while the ground warp edge.

32 of the pile Ws in the other set of stripes such as the stripe illustrated by the weave of the third and fourth dents to be inclined toward the ground in the opposite longitudinal direction.

In the weaving of the fabric, the concatenation illustrated is effected in one set of stripes such as that represented by the first and second,

dents by causing the pile warp yarns or ends where the beginning of each W extends from the ground to pass under the succeeding pick and with the ground warp end at one side thereof to pass over the said pick and with a plurality, preferably three, successive ground warp ends at the other side thereof to pass under said pick while in the other set of stripes such as that represented by the third and fourth dents by causing the pile warp yarns or ends where the end or rear of each W extends from the ground to pass under the previous pick and with the ground warp end at one side thereof to pass over the said pick and-With a plurality, preferably three, successive ground warp ends at the other side thereof to pass under said pick. For example, referring to the construction of the lower fabric and assuming that the pick I has been inserted and beaten in, the pile yarn which forms the beginning or tuft 3| of'the first W in the first dent is lowered so that it will pass under the succeeding pick 2 while the ground warp end 19 at one side of the pile warp is raised to pass over the pick 2 and the three successive ground warp ends 20, 2!, and 22 at the other side of the pile warp 21 are lowered-to pass under the pick 2. The same relative arrangement of yarns, it will be seen, takes place at each tuft 3| forming the beginning of the Ws in the stripe illustrated by the first and seconds dents. On the other hand, in the contrasting stripe illustrated by the third and. fourth dents, it will be seen, assuming, for example, that'pick 6 has been laid and beaten in and the rear end 32 of the first W in the third dent has been formed, that the pile warp forming the end '32 extends from the ground at the rear of the W and passes under the previous pick 6 while the ground warp end 23 at one side passes over the pick 6 andthe three successive ground warp ends 24, 25, and 26 at the other side pass under the pick 6. Without repeating, it will be seen that the same relative concatenation is true of each w throughout the respective stripes of the fabric.

The result of this concatenation is that as the picksare beaten in-the-tufts of the Ws in the stripe illustrated by the first and second dents in Fig. l are forcedtoward the left end of the fabric and-also toward the near edge; in fact, with the particular arrangement illustrated, the result is that each tuft 3| is forced down so as to be inclined toward the fabric and both toward the left end of the fabric and toward the nearer The rear tufts of the Ws in this set of stripes is concatenated in the usual manner and stand relatively straight. In the contrasting set of stripes represented by the third and fourth dents, as the fabric is beaten up, the rear tufts 32 of each W are caused to incline toward the right-hand end of the fabric but also toward the nearer edge and also to be well inclined toward the ground. This is due in both cases to the fact that at one side of each W and at the end of each W, as required by the stripe, the ground warp endat one side weaves opposite to the pile warp while a plurality, preferably three, successive ground warp ends at the other side weave with the pilewarp.

When the fabric is beaten up and finished, the tufts forming the beginning of the Ws in one set of stripes, woven as illustrated by the first and second dents of Fig. 1, extend in a direction inclined close to the ground in the direction of the left-hand end of the fabric and toward the near edge of the fabric, while the rear ends of these Ws extend upward in the usual mannner and are comparatively short. In the contrasting stripes represented by the construction of the third and fourth dents, the tufts forming the rear of .each W extend in a direction inclined close to the ground in the direction of the righthand end of the fabric and toward the near edge of the fabric, while the beginnnig ends of these Ws extend upward in the usual manner and are comparatively short.

The result is to give a marked contrast between adjacent stripes and a contrast which is effected by the concatenation of the yarns in the fabric so that the contrast is due to construction and exists even if the fabric be dyed entirely of the same shade.

In Fig. 6 a portion of a fabric is illustrated diagrammatically in which there are four stripes 33, 34, 35, and 36, each made up of five rows of pile with the tufts in the several rows inclined toward the ground and in the general direction indicated by the arrows at the top of the figure, while in Fig. 7 a similar diagrammatic view on a larger scale is shown of a portion of the stripes 33 and 34 and with the tufts 3| and 32 and their direction indicated by the arrows.

While each tuft of pile is of the W type because of the manner in which it is concatenated with the successive picks of filling, it is very much distorted when the fabric is beaten up closely and if as a result there is any tendency of the pile tufts to work or push out of the ground, this is overcome by giving a light coating of adhesive such as pyroxylin or rubber to the back of the ground of the type now commonly employed in connection with loosely woven pile fabrics of the V type.

The invention produces a fabric of a most pleasing contrasting effect and one in which a great variety of contrast may be obtained by varying the relative widths of the stripes.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. A cut'warp pile fabric of the W type presenting contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric in which in one set of stripes the tuft at one end of each pile W and in the other set of stripes the tuft at the other end of each pile W extends upward from beneath a pick of filling and has atone side a ground Warp yarn passing over the said pick and at the other side. three successive ground warp yarns passing under the said pick with the result that the said tufts are held inclined toward the ground in a direction away from their respective Ws and in both sets toward the said other side of the fabric.

2. A cut warp pile fabric of the W type presenting contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric in which in one set of stripes the tuft at one end of each pile W and in the other set of stripes the. tuft at the other end of each pile W extends upward from beneath a .pick of filling and has at one side a ground warp yarn passing over the said pick and at the other side a plurality of successive ground warp yarns in a direction away from their respective Ws and in both sets toward the said other side of the fabric.

3. The method of forming a cut warp pile fabric of the W type to cause the fabric to present contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric which comprises weaving the fabric in one set of stripes with each pile warp end, where it extends from the ground .at the beginning of each W, passing under the succeeding pick and with the ground warp end at one side thereof passing over said pick and with a plurality of successive. ground warp ends at the other side thereof passing under said pick, and in the other set of stripes with each pile warp end, where it extends from the ground .at the rear of each W, passing under the previous pick and with the ground warp end at the one side passing over said pick and with a plurality of successive ground warp ends at the other side passing under said pick.

4. The method of forming a cut warp pile fabric of the W type to cause the fabric to present contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric which comprises weaving the fabric in one set of stripes with each pile warp end, where it extends from the ground at the beginning of each W, passing under the succeeding pick and with the ground warp end .at one side thereof passing over said pick and with three successive ground warp ends at the other side thereof passing under said pick, and in the other set of stripes with each pile warp end, where it extends from the ground at the. rear of each W, passing under the previous pick and with the ground warp end at the one side passing over said pick and with three successive ground warp ends at the other side passing undersaid pick.

5. The method of forming a cut warp pile fabric of thew type to cause the fabric to present contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the. yarns of the fabric which comprises holding the pile warp end away from the back of the ground, and the ground warp end at one side thereof 50 away from the face of the ground, and the three successive ground warp ends at the other side thereof away from the back of the ground each time a pick is inserted to hold the beginning end of each pile W in one set of stripes and each time a pick is inserted to hold the rear end of each pile W in the other set of stripes.

6. The method of forming a cut warp pile fabric of the W type to cause the fabric to present contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric which comprises holding the pile warp end away from the back of the ground, and the groundwarp end at one side thereof away from the face of the ground, and a plurality of successive ground warp ends at the other side thereof away from the back of the ground each time a pick is inserted to hold the beginning end of each pile W in one set of stripes and each time a pick is inserted to hold the rear end of each pile W in the other set of stripes.

7. A cut warp pile fabric of the W type presenting contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric and in which in one set of stripes the tuft of each pile W which is nearer one end of the fabric projects from beneath a pick of filling under which the adjacent ground warp .at one side passes and over which the adjacent ground warp at the other side passes and in which in the other set of stripes the tuft of each pile W which is nearer the other end of the fabric projects from beneath a pick of filling over which the adjacent ground warp at the said one side passes and under which the adjacent ground warp at the said other side passes.

8. A cut warp pile fabric of the W type presenting contrasting longitudinal stripes in which the contrast is effected by the concatenation of the yarns of the fabric and in which in one set of stripes the tuft of each pile W which is nearer one end of the fabric and in the other set of stripes the tuft of each pile W which is nearer the other end of the fabric projects from beneath a pick of filling over which the adjacent ground warp at one side passes and under which the adjacent ground warp at the other side passes.

HORACE MELLOR. 

